Workbook reinforces each lesson and can be used as extra practice during class, or set as homework. Enhanced video integrated into the Student Book. Video listenings integrated into each even-numbered File. Practical English activities follow the entertaining drama with Rob and Jenny. T hen check in your dictiona ry.
Mark the sentences T true o r F false. T hen use them to com plete t he sentences. T he banks are putting interest up again. T here w ill also T he cuts are be less money fo r hea lt h. My parents Harry wea rs sho rts all the time how bad the weather is.
A child protection group in the USA recently did a survey into the habits of new mothers in the car. The results of this survey are similarly shocking. These results show that new mothers behave almost as badly on the road as teenagers. More men than women t ake part in risky sports and men are more Li kely to be responsible for reckless driving.
Until now, t his factor has been reflect ed in car insurance policies, which have always required men to pay higher rates than women. However, recent research has shown that this belief may no longer be correct.
And they are being backed by the EU. The European Court of Justice has recently passed a measure that prohibits insurance companies from taking gender into account when calculating the cost of an insurance policy.
The change serves to make one thing very clear: a distracted driver is a dangerous driver, no matter what sex they are. D D Asurvey of two thousand young drivers into the risks they take on the road revealed some surprising figures.
More than a third of the girls who took part admitted that they regularly read text messages from friends and families while driving.
More than a quarter of these girls admitted answering the texts while t hey were behind the wheel. In contrast, t he boys did not seem so concerned about who was t rying to contact them. A much smaller number admitted to reading texts on the road, and only ten per cent said that they would try to respond to the message before stopping the car. T hey lunch. Use a time expression from the box and no more than two other words. H ow did Nicho las Joy survive the freezing conditions of Suga rloaf Mountain?
Find the words and phrases in the text to match definitions Thousands of winter sports enthusiasts head for the area during weekends and holidays to enjoy the breathtaking scenery. But not in the case of year-old Nicholas Joy from Massachusetts. It was a Sunday, and they were on their way back down the mountain when Nicholas saw a shortcut. He decided to take the shortcut while his father continued on the official path.
They arranged to meet back at the car park for the drive home. A massive search party was launched but it soon began to snow heavily. Eventually, the search was called off. He had got hopelessly lost, and he realized that he was going to have to spend the night on the mountain. Fortunately, he is a big fan of survival shows and so he knew how to make a snow cave. He found a safe place to build his cave and made a huge pile of snow with his skis. Then, he made a tunnel into the snow and dug out a hole to sit in.
He covered the bottom with fallen pine branches and lay down inside. Whenever he was thirsty, he left the cave and drank water from a nearby stream.
Then he returned to his cave and waited to be found. He got off his snowmobile, inspected the cave and found Nicholas curled up inside. After giving the hungry teenager some cheese crackers and peanuts, he took Nicholas back to the resort to be reunited with his relieved parents. Like Nicholas, they are usually found in areas that are out of bounds.
However, few of the rescued skiers are in such good shape because they lack his knowledge of survival skills. Tragically, some of them do not make it through the night. Complete the sentences with the words in the box. Olivia was incredibly pleased when she got promoted. I into the water ifT it was so cold. They the film if they the book.
I my own flat ifI more money. Never look back unless you are planning to go that way. Henry David Thoreau, author, poet and philosopher. My boss rea lly annoys me. S he shouts all the tim e. I wish. You never help with the housework. I w ish sometimes. He calls me every day. These dark, winter days a re very depressin.
T he idea of getting on a plane her. Not winning something really him. R e ad the article. Comple t e it w ith the miss ing sente nces. L ook a t the highlighted w o rd s a nd phrases in the t ext a nd try t o work o ut their m eaning. The n matc h the m to d e finitio n s Until then, she had been proud of leading a life without regrets. She had gone through life working on the principle that you should always look forward and never look back.
But that night, she remembers feeling regret for the very first time. The fourth is something that psychologists call perseveration. This is the habit of focussing obsessively and repeatedly on the exact same thing. A person who is feeling regret has the first three components going around in their head again and again.
The first is to take comfort in the fact that she is not alone. The second is to learn to laugh at herself. Humour and black humour play a fundamental role in helping us come to terms with our regret.
Apart from that, Ms Schulz recognizes the value of sitting back and waiting for the pain of regret to go away. Time heals all wounds as the saying goes, and in the case of regret this is most certainly true.
She got the tattoo when she was off travelling and she was worried that she would forget some of the lessons that she had learnt during that time. It is a lesson that she wants to share with other people. For her, the compass represented the two ideas in one image. Ms Schulz believes that if we have goals and dreams and if we love people, we should feel pain when things go wrong.
In her view, we need to learn to love the Aawed things that we create and to be able to forgive ourselves for creating them. Complete the sentences with the past si mple or past perfect form of a verb from the box. I wish they nea rer. I wish I earlier. I wish I speak French. I wish I all my money.
I wish I that seafood last night. Then check in your dictiona ry. T here is one sentence you do not need to use. A Then there is the question of penalties. B When rec ycling was f irst introduced , it was discovered that the largest remaining kind of trash was leftover food. C All kinds of trash can be fou nd in t hese places from broken toys to unwanted CDs, and a lot of items that cou ld have been recyc led.
One of the few things that people are warned against putting here are plastic bags, which are not biodegradable at all. F The most commonly recycled items are glass bottles. Glossary garbage, trash AmE fo r ru bb ish. What do you t hink they m ean? Use your dictionary to look up th eir mea ning and pronunci atio n. Each year, Amer icans t hrow away about million tons of garbage. These concerns have prompted San Fra ncisco and a handful of other cities to aim for a once-u nthinkable goal: zero waste.
In , San Fra ncisco became the first city in the coun try to require that residents and businesses alike separate from their tras h biodegradable items , like food scraps, and re cyclable goods, like paper, metals, and plastic, into separate bins. And that has led to a big reduction in th e amount of garbage headed to the landfill.
However, the city mayor, Ed Lee, wants to go even further. So, Reco logy set about bui lding a new composting facility on an enormous complex to the northeast of Sa n Francisco. This includes packaging where meat has been sold, food wrappings, paper napkins, tissues, used paper plates, and even milk cartons.
In the right conditions, paper will biodegrade in two to four weeks. Com post bins provide these cond itions because t hey are 4 However, Ed Lee has found a solution to this warm and moist.
Since last year, residents have had to pay for the ir recyc ling and com post bins, as 5 Those who refuse to sort their garbage well as the ir trash bins. Tea ms of workers from the c ity go round knock ing on doors of residents who, wi t hout realizi ng it, have had their garbage cans inspected by aud itors early in the morn ing.
The idea is to educate people on composting and recyc ling and answer any questions they may have. So far, no fines have been imposed and only warnings have been given out. And city offic ials say that th e more people know about zero waste, t he keener t hey are to support the policy. Music expresses that which cannot be put into words and that which cannot remain silent. Victor Hugo, poet, novelist, and dramatist. R ead the art icle quick ly an d an swer the quest ions.
T he mu sic at the concert was louder t han the sound of a jet plan e tak ing off After the concert, t he wr iter had no symptoms of hear ing da m age. T he w riter had problems w ith her hearin g at work, but not at home. T he w riter pretended that she could hear what a person at t he party was say in g.
Despite her problems, the wr iter ca n still hea r sounds at the bo ttom range of the scale. T he doctors told her that her hearing would event ually recover. Now the w riter wea rs a dev ice in one ear to help her hear better. Look at the highlighted words and phrases in the text and try to work out their m eaning.
That nig ht, I left t he venue with my ears ringing and it took more tha n a week for the ringing to diminish. But after that, I thought no more of it. That is, unt il I was in my mids. I was working in a busy store with background noise from shoppers and music, and I started finding it difficult to hear w hat customers were saying.
At home, my husband began to notice t hat I was eit her mishearing or not hearing things at all. O n one occasion when we were at a noisy party I had no idea what someone was saying to me, but I was nodding and smiling as if I understood. Afterwards, my husband informed me that th e person had been telling me that her dog had just died. Needless to say, I was extrem ely embarrassed. The resu lt of t his episode was that I we nt to see my GP to have my hearing checked. The news was not good.
I had hearing loss of 50 per cent. It affected the top range of my hearing, which meant that any high-pitched noises, speech, phones, and day-to-day sounds were gone.
I also had tinnitus, which was causing an infuriating ring ing in my ears. The doctors explained t hat years of listening to loud music had caused the tiny sensory hair cells in the inner ear to become irreversibly flattened - meaning I would never hear properly again.
And unless I protected my ears, my hearing would deteriorate even more. So it turns out that my mother was rig ht and I have, indeed, ru ined my hearing. Today, I wear a pair of hearing aids that are quite discreet but still definitely very uncool. But according to th e Worl d Health Org anization, I am not alone.
They say that around four million Britons risk serious damage to their ears by exposure to loud music. Hours spent listening to music on M P3 playe rs and at concerts are to blame. However, in our modern life, where most people spend half their time p lugged into a music device, it is very likely that it may, indeed, happen to you. My sister is try ing tofi11d a new job.
I re mem bered the milk , but I fo rgot to buy a ny bread! In his job, Dan Cohen is.. The first time Henry li stens to his playlist, he When the patients are wearing their headphones, they Dan Cohen wants other people to help him by.. There is o ne extra sentence you do n ot need to use. A Ironically, Adam has never eaten them in his life.
E He thinks that his sleep-talking m ight be some sort of therapeutic process, because he always wakes up fully refreshed and relaxed. Have you at night? We have in the country very quickly. How to deal with a sleep-talking husband Most women would find it infuriating to be woken up night after night by their husband talking in his sleep. But one woman in the UK has found an interesting way of dealing with the problem. They live together in Richmond, in south-west London.
We laugh like crazy every morning. Adam talks about everything and anything in his sleep; from vampire penguins to zombie guinea pigs. Dangle them from the ceiling. Look at the highlighted word s and phrases in the text and try to work o ut their m eaning. Then match them to defin itions Complete the sentences with a word connected to sleep. Bury me deep. A bad combination. Listen and repeat the sentences. Terry is usedvto workingv at night. The dietician gives advice about Learn these words and phrases.
Use the past form of the modal verbs. It very difficult. She the bell. You to turn it off. They 8 A Your boyfriend walked past me without saying hello. He it on his desk. You such high heels. I Arguments o n the internet occur most frequently when someone..
I What is the problem w ith online arguments? Internet rage: a new trend? Until now, people have usually carried out their arguments face-to-face. A disagreement occurs and each side wants to make his o r her views known.
But the internet has changed all this. Today, more and more people are getting involved in arguments online. M any of these take place in the comments section fol lowing on from articles on news websites. The tone of some of the posts on these threads can be extremely agg ressive. So why is everyone so angry on the internet? Art Markman, a professor of psychology at the University of Texas, has an explanation for this.
Firstly, he points out that the people who post these comments are anonymous. N obody knows their real name or who they are, w hich means that they do not have to explain th eir actions. Secondly, the commenter and the person who is the target of their anger are not actua lly in the same room.
The distance between th em makes the commenter lose his inhibitions and so he becomes mo re offensive. Thirdly, it is much easier to be nasty in writing th an in speech, according to Professor Markman. Although Professor M arkman believes in self-expression, he rega rd s on line arguments as a complete waste of time. He says that the whole point of an argument is to tr y to persuade someone else to agree w ith you.
In order to do thi s, the people involved have to listen to each other. This sort of interaction is lacking on the internet, says Professor M arkman. Exchanges o n comment threads do not happen in rea l time and so people have longer to focus on their opinion and write lengthy monologues to justify themselves. In the process, they become even more convinced that they are right, and they stop listening to oth er people.
In the end, there is a complete absence of communication and the only thing they have achieved is to work themselves up into a rage. So, what is the solution? Professor Markman does not think that com ment t hreads should be banned, but he does think that controls shou ld be stricter. In his view, it is the news o utlets th emse lves who sho uld be responsible for the content of the thread.
Professor M arkman wou ld like site administrators to remove the offend ing remarks from the comme nt thread. Look inside English File Fourth Edition. English File Beginner Workbook with Key. English File Beginner Workbook without Key. What flower or animal is used as the national emblem of your country? Find out what other plants or animals are national emblems of other countries. Here are some items of clothing or parts of them which are perhaps less familiar.
If you wish to count them, you need to say, e. I need to get him a new pair. B Verbs associated with clothing Can I try on these grey shoes in the window?
I love dressing up for parties as I normally wear jeans. The skirt is too tight and too short - it needs letting out and letting down. The dress is too loose and too long - it needs taking in and taking up. He changed out of his weekend clothes into his uniform. Her black bag matches her shoes. The burglars wore masks and hoods as a disguise in the hope that no one would be able to recognise them on CCTV.
One is broken and both the have holes in them. You should wear a over your shirt. Go and put your on. Use pair where it is necessary. Put your trousers on. Can you buy him three today? I think these ones should. Use as many words as you can from this unit. Verbs: My back is aching. I knew it was the flu. I had a cold and it took me two weeks to get over it.
She died of a heart attack. He contracted AIDS. Take a teaspoonful of medicine last thing at night. Common mistakes A surgeon operates on a patient. They decided to operate on her and remove the tumour.
NOT They decided to operate her. I when I was travelling. Who has …? Dalma 2 earache? E 2 I had to have some injections.
One of the sentences above contains a mistake. Correct it. My aunt died a with b of a heart attack. I had an infection but I recovered from it.
What were the symptoms? What did you do to solve the problem s? Middle Ages Spectacles1, probably invented by Arab scientists, were used to correct vision2.
Nowadays, a vast4 range of devices5 is available: people with hearing difficulties wear sophisticated6 hearing aids7; people with heart problems wear tiny pacemakers8. Artificial9 hips10 and knees are common, and are highly11 efficient.
People who have lost an arm or a leg can have a prosthetic12 leg or a modern robotic13 arm and hand, which they can use to pick things up like a natural hand. Eyesight problems can be corrected by laser surgery Patients will sit at their home computers, describe their symptoms and send information automatically to their doctor for example, their blood pressure3 or body temperature using instruments such as thermometers connected to their computer.
You are given the first letter s. A preposition is missing in sentence 3. Add it. Patients will send information a to their doctor. Write true sentences. Others can cause long-term1 health problems if they are consumed2 in large quantities. Here are some examples. Note the use of the adjective and noun forms of the same word. There has been a sharp rise1 in the number Keeping fit need not be difficult. You can of children who are obese2.
Childhood maintain5 a good level of fitness with obesity is now a major3 problem. Children a simple routine of daily exercise. Start often take too little exercise. People often do not realise how stressful Bad habits can cause serious harm6 their jobs are. Stress can cause high blood to the body. Alcohol and tobacco are pressure, increased risk of heart attacks and particularly harmful if consumed in large depression4.
When we refer to food and fruit in general we use the uncountable form e. We always use fish in the singular. Match the sentence beginnings on the left with the endings on the right.
Choose your answers from There may be more than one. B: Good! I love Chinese foods. Use related word forms, as in the example. How many are a healthy b not so healthy?
Do you consume any superfoods? We had a long journey by coach from the north to the south of the country. We usually say business trip NOT business journey. Go on a trip suggests an organised short excursion, whereas take a trip or have a trip could be something you do yourselves in your own car. Travel is a general word.
It is an uncountable noun and a verb. Travel broadens the mind. How did you travel round Australia? We hitch-hiked. Voyage means a long journey usually by sea, though this use is quite formal. Learning English is a voyage of discovery!
The airline put me up3 in a hotel overnight, and they put me on standby4 for the early morning flight the next day. Luckily, I managed to get a seat and the flight left on time5 at 7. There was quite a lot of turbulence6 during the flight, which was scary at times. When we finally got to Tokyo, the weather was bad and we had a bumpy landing7. Anyway, I volunteered to work as a crew member on board a yacht and it was an amazing experience.
Everything ran very smoothly, even when the sea was rough1, and I never suffered from seasickness2. Travel is an uncountable noun. After we left the airport, we had a long journey by car. The train arrived on time and I picked her up at the station. One of the words fits in two places. Which is it? In London, I enquired if there was a off.
The weather was awful, and we experienced a lot of t s c on the train. In fact, the flight was so b that I got a to Scotland so I could travel overnight. The very unpleasant!
The l me! When I get to Scotland I want to go to was not so bad and soon we were at the some of the islands. I hope the sea is t collecting our baggage. I had after my hour flight from Europe. Have you ever been on a high-speed train? Do you usually visit the duty-free shop? What do you look for? What do you do before going through security? But once we made it, the views all straight 4 all around over the surrounding4 countryside made the 5 very frightening terrifying5 drive worthwhile.
I'm sending a photo of our camping spot. The remembered a memorable town is absolutely fascinating2 with lots holiday is a strong of very impressive3 buildings. Our hotel is collocation 2 extremely delightful4 - if a little inconvenient5 from interesting 3 grand, the transport point of view - and the food making an impact in this area is exceptional6. These are 4 charming 5 hard to get some of the old buildings in the town. Francesca C Holiday brochures These are often written in quite exaggerated language.
Here are some typical adjectives with nouns that they collocate with. Use a dictionary to help you, if necessary. Reply Forward Hi, Am having a wonderful holiday here. The town here is very old and quite 1 fascinating. The guidebook says it is remarkable for its 2 charm and it is right! It is surrounded by magnificent mountains and yesterday I went for an 3 climb.
Wish you were here! Love, P Write sentences. But what about these more recently established fields? GM foods genetically modified foods are grown in some parts of the world.
He experimented with different materials before utilising1 the most suitable one. The technician pressed a button and lights started flashing. When she pulled the large lever2, the wheel began to rotate3. The zoologist dissected4 the animal and extracted5 its organs. When they were combined, the two chemicals reacted violently with each other. After analysing the problem, she concluded that there was a flaw6 in the theory. Insert7 the disk into the DVD drive to install8 the software or visit the website to download it.
Then say what branch of science each person is probably talking about. Science: hydroponics 2 The software i your speech and e you to turn it into text. Science: 4 People are often worried.
They feel that the c of an exact copy of an animal is not morally right. Science: 5 We study how human c can be used to rebuild our bodies and to repair them when they are injured. Science: 6 My work is concerned with the s and f of the organic molecules a with living organisms. Science: 7 Many people refuse to eat g m foods.
They consider GM foods to be unnatural. Science: 8 By manipulating DNA, we can a hereditary f. Science: It was so realistic. This is often shortened to app. You can get mobile phone apps for all sorts of things these days.
You put the cursor on the one you want to use and click on it to open it. C Some computing verbs You probably store a lot of important information on your computer. After a few years you may want to upgrade your computer as they are always developing machines which are faster and more powerful. I wonder if my computer has a. You key it in. If you have a broadband connection then your access to the Internet should be fast.
When you browse, you look for information on the Internet. The software that helps you do this can be called a browser e. You use a search engine to help you locate what you want. The introductory page is called the home page. From this there are links to other pages. Good websites are easy to navigate or find your way around.
One option on many websites is an FAQ page. You can bookmark websites that you log on1 to frequently. If a website gets a lot of hits, that means that it has been visited by a lot of people. Sometimes you need to subscribe to a site, which means you become a member of it. This may involve having a special username and choosing a password. You will only be able to log in2 to the site if you enter this information correctly.
You can store your data on your computer or phone, or you can store it in the cloud3. With an email you can include an attachment. You can attach a photo, for example. You can also send someone an e-card.
A server is a powerful central computer from which other computers get information. You can use your computer to Skype friends and family - the software allows you to make phone calls using your computer and the Internet, and you can see which people on your contact list are online at the same time.
If you each have a webcam, you can see each other as you talk. Many modern online programs can be called interactive, i. For example, social networking sites like Facebook are a popular way for people to keep in touch with their friends. A wiki is a website which allows users to add, delete and edit its contents. Blogs are also interactive as they are a kind of online diary that readers can add comments to. Many people are involved in online gaming, playing with people who they have never met.
Often these games make use of virtual reality. The server must have been. If they are not true, correct them. False - Google is the name of a search engine. I like over a thousand times! Over , people Send me a friend request, subscribe to his video and then you can see the channel and follow him pictures I took. B A social media app Language help Many of the words in this unit are used as both nouns and verbs. This month we loved CatNapp, a new social media app that allows users to share 24 people liked my post.
My post got 24 likes. I commented on her status. We found it very easy to use. You create a profile of your cat, I wrote a comment on her upload a favourite photo and include some basic information status. The 4 messages to tell you when most popular post each month wins a prize!
Highly recommended. For example, often your profile picture is public, but you can usually make posts on your timeline [collection of photos and other posts on your profile] private. You can ask people to remove the tag if necessary. Is your profile public or private? Presenter8: James Hill 6.
Subtitles enable people to read what the characters are saying maybe in translation. If a film is dubbed, you hear the speech in your own language. To receive a lot of TV channels, you may need a satellite dish on the roof or wall of your house. Many channels depend on TV commercials to make money.
You may be able to stream radio and TV broadcasts from the Internet and you may be able to watch catch-up TV, or TV on demand, Language help which allow you to watch programmes whenever The noun means a way of doing something you like. A lot of radio and TV stations offer free always ends in s, even in the singular. The Internet podcasts which you can download. C Newspapers A popular or tabloid newspaper usually focuses on1 sensation2 rather than real news, whereas a quality newspaper is usually more interested in serious news.
A tabloid often has stories about celebrities, sport, scandals3 and crime, while a quality paper focuses more on serious journalism4 with in-depth5 articles. I have some news for you. NOT I have a news.
This is a self-adjusting test , meaning the questions can get easier or harder based on your responses. This is another short test of only 24 questions. TalkEnglish has a variety of short listening exercises sorted by skill level basic, intermediate and advanced. Some are as short as 16 seconds. The protocol is simple—carefully listen to the audio file and then view and solve the quiz questions.
You can also see the transcript of the dialogue afterwards. Even the busiest English learners should have time to do three to five of these lessons every day. Here, you can sort through listening exercises by skill level and by length. These activities will help you practice listening for information, distinguish different consonant sounds and figure out implied meanings from a particular context. In addition to audio lessons with quizzes, there are also some games that make use of your listening skills.
Some even have video and multimedia content.
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